Apsim r
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Gupta RK, Gopal R, Jat ML, Jat RK, Sidhu HS, Minhas PS, Malik RK (2010) Wheat productivity in Indo-Gangetic Plains of India during 2010: terminal heat effects and Mitigation strategies. Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions, FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok Gupta RK, Hobbs PR, Ladha JK, Prabhakar SVRK (2001) Resource conserving technologies: transforming the rice-wheat systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plains. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, p 225 Gaydon DS (2012) Living with Less Water: development of viable adption options for Riverina irrigators. Rice–Wheat Consortium for the Indo-Gangetic Plains, New Delhi, Indiaįeng LP, Bouman BAM, Tuong TP, Cabangon RJ, Li YL, Lu GA, Feng YH (2007) Exploring options to grow rice using less water in northern China using a modeling approach- 1.
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(ed) Long-term soil fertility experiments in rice-wheat cropping systems, pp vii–xxii. Field Crops Res 100:229–239ĭawe D, Dobermann A, Moya P, Abdulrachman S, Bao L, Lal P, Panaullah G, Sariam O, Singh Y, Swarup A, Tan PS, Zhen QX (2000) How widespread are yield declines in long-term rice experiments in Asia? Field crops Res 66(2):175–193ĭuxbury JM, Abrol IP, Gupta RK, Bronson KF (2000) Summary: analysis of long-term soil fertility experiments with rice-wheat rotations in south Asia. Theor Appl Climatol 66:49–60Ĭhoudhury BU, Bouman BAM, Singh AK (2007) Yield and water productivity of rice-wheat on raised beds at New Delhi, India. Int J Climatol 20:1017–1031īrunetti M, Buffoni L, Maugeri M, Nanni T (2000b) Trends of minimum and maximum daily temperatures in Italy from 1865 to 1996. Agric Water Manag 49:11–30īrunetti M, Buffoni L, Maugeri M, Nanni T (2000a) Precipitation intensity trends in northern Italy. Soil Sci Soc Am J 66:162–170īouman BAM, Tuong TP (2001) Field water management to save water and increase its productivity in irrigated lowland rice. J Hydrol Eng 14(5):508–515īhandari AL, Ladha JK, Pathak H, Padre AT, Dawe D, Gupta RK (2002) Yield and soil nutrient changes in a long-term rice–wheat rotation in India. Q J R Meteorol Soc 50:121–126īandyopadhyay A, Bhadra A, Raghuwanshi NS, Singh R (2009) Temporal trends in estimates of reference evapotranspiration over India. Environ Sci Policy 7:487–498Īngstrom A (1924) Solar and terrestrial radiation. Thus, we can suggest that a 5-day AWD irrigation regime for rice combined with five irrigations during wheat could be the best option under water limiting situations.Īggarwal PK, Joshi PK, Ingram JSI, Gupta RK (2004) Adapting food systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plains to global environmental change: key information needs to improve policy formulation. The next highest WP i was observed in the treatment with a 5-day AWD regime in rice and five irrigations for wheat, with a yield penalty of 20.1 %. The highest WP i of 8.31 kg ha −1 mm −1 was observed under RW system with the rice irrigation (IR) regime of 8 days alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and five irrigations for wheat with a yield penalty of 25.5 %. The long-term simulated rice yield showed a steadily declining trend at an average rate of 120 kg ha −1 yr −1 ( R 2 = 0.94, p < 0.05), while long-term simulated wheat yields showed a lower declining trend at an average rate of 48 kg ha −1 yr −1 ( R 2 = 0.48, p < 0.05).
#Apsim r simulator
This study tested the ability of the agricultural production systems simulator (APSIM) model to simulate the effects of different irrigation regimes on yield, irrigation water requirement, and irrigation water productivity (WP i) of rice, wheat, and RW system in upper-gangetic plains of India. Availability of irrigation water under projected climate change scenarios is a great concern, and demonstration of the impact of different irrigation regimes on rice, wheat, and system yields is essential to adopt suitable water saving technologies to minimize risk. Rice–wheat (RW) production system, which covers over 13.5 million ha in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of south Asia, is vital for food and nutritional security and livelihood of millions of poor people in this part of the region.